Abdul Haq
alternative words: Haq
keywords: famous person , statesman
related topics: Hezb e Islami , Jalalabad , Pashtun
related web sites: http://www.ceip.org/files/Publications/lievendispatch-haq.asp , http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/south_asia/newsid_1615000/1615616.stm
explanation: Born in 1959 in Jalalabad. Enrolled very young in the war against the soviet occupation as member of Hezb i Islami (Khalis faction), he became the chief commander of Kabul region and organized a takeover of Kabul. After the fall of communist regime in 1992, he became a businessman in Gulf region. Thank to his fluent English, he was chosen by Americans to rally an anti Taliban movement among Pashtun tribe but he was captured in October 2001 in eastern Afghanistan and executed.
Abdul Qassim Fahim
alternative words: Fahim, General Fahim, Commander Fahim
keywords: famous person
related topics: Ahmad Shah Masoud , Taliban , Abdul Rashid Dostam , Gulbuddin Hekmatyar , United front
related web sites: http://www.afghanradio.com/news/2001/october/leaderProfile/general_fahim.html
explanation: Born in 1957 in a Tajik cleric family of Panjshir valley. After an Islamic study at Kabul, he entered the resistance against communists in late 1970s and gained a confidence of commander Masoud thanks to his seriousness. After the soviet pull out in 1989, he organized Kabul defense against Hekmatyar Dostom coalition troops then against Taliban. After the assassination of Masoud in September 2001, he was promoted to the chief commander of the northern alliance.
Abdul Rashid Dostam
alternative words: Abdul Rashid Dostum, Abdul Rashid Dostom, Dostam, Dostom, General Dostam, General Dostom
keywords: famous person , statesman
related topics: Burhanuddin Rabbani , Gulbuddin Hekmatyar , Mazar i Sharif , Uzbek , United front
related web sites: http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/international-reporting/works/5/
explanation: Born in 1954 in Juzjian province of northern Afghanistan. Once he had been a communist general but when Soviets pulled out from Afghanistan in 1989, he betrayed Najibullah's regime and created his own state by occupying the northern region around Mazar-i-Sharif where his ethnic group, Uzbek is in the majority. He made once a coalition with Hekmatyar to fight against Rabbani's government but was then defeated by Taliban and lost his power base. He is now fighting with Northern alliance against Taliban.
Ahmad Shah Masoud
alternative words: Ahmad Shah Masud, Masood, Massoud, Masud, Lion of Panshir, Ahmad Shah Massoud, Ahmed Shah Masood, Ahmad Massoud, Ahmed Massoud
keywords: famous person , statesman
related topics: Burhanuddin Rabbani , Muhammad Daoud , Gulbuddin Hekmatyar , United front , Peshawar , Panjshir valley
related web sites: http://www.afghanlion.2xs.net
explanation: Born in 1956 in northern suburb of Kabul. After high school, he entered Jamiat i Islami led by Rabbani to oppose Daoud's regime. After defeat, he fled to Peshawar and learnt guerrilla tactics. Then, he returned back to Afghanistan to fight against Soviet troops. After the collapse of the communist regime in 1992, he became defense minister but left the cabinet due to a conflict with Hekmatyar and organized a resistance against Taliban in northern Afghanistan. He was assassinated in 2001. He was a Tajik.
Alexander the great
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alternative words: Alexander, Emperor Alexander
keywords: famous person , statesman
related topics: Khyber pass
related web sites: http://www.pbs.org/mpt/alexander/ , http://1stmuse.com/frames/
explanation: Born in 356 BC in Macedonian royal family. After the assassination of his father Philip, he was enthroned to the king in 336 BC. He conquered first Egypt and built Alexandria. After having captured Persepolis, Alexander continued the route to the central Asia by chasing Darius who was later killed by his owns. Alexander's troops then passed through Afghanistan and Khyber pass to invade India. When his soldiers refused to go further, he decided to return back. He died in 323 BC due to a fever at Babylon.
Babrak Karmal
alternative words: Karmal, Najibullah Ahmadzai
keywords: communism , famous person , statesman
related topics: Hafizollah Amin , PDPA , Saur revolution
related web sites: http://www.afghan-info.com/politbiogr.htm , http://www.afghan-web.com/bios/yest/karmal.html , http://www.sabawoon.com/afghanpedia/Personalities.BabrakKarmal.shtm
explanation: Born in 1929 in Kabul as son of an army general. He was an active communist student at Kabul university. As founder member of PDPA in 1965, he led Parcham faction. After Saur revolt of 1978, he became foreign minister but left soon the cabinet due to a conflict with Khalq faction. After the assassination of Amin in late 1979, he became the president of Afghanistan thanks to a Russian support but due his nationalist stance, he was replaced by Najibullah. He died in 1996 of liver disease.
Burhanuddin Rabbani
alternative words: Rabbani, Rabani, President Burhanuddin Rabbani, President Rabbani, Professor Burhanuddin Rabbani, Professor Rabbani
keywords: famous person , statesman
related topics: Kabul , Muhammad Daoud , Jamiat i Islami , Peshawar
related web sites: http://www.afghan-web.com/bios/today/brabbani.html
explanation: Born in 1940 in Badakhshan province of northeastern Afghanistan. After brilliant studies at Kabul university, he was appointed professor in 1963. He went then to Egypt to get a master degree in Islamic philosophy. After the return, he became the head of Jamiat i Islami. When president Daoud banned any Islamic parties, he fled to Peshawar in 1974 to organize a resistance. After the collapse of the communist regime in 1992, he became president of Afghanistan but was driven out by Taliban from Kabul.
Gulbuddin Hekmatyar
alternative words: Hekmatyar, Engineer Hekmatyar
keywords: famous person , statesman
related topics: Taliban , Burhanuddin Rabbani , Ahmad Shah Masoud , Hezb e Islami
related web sites: http://www.afghan-web.com/bios/today/ghekmatyar.html
explanation: Born in 1948 in Konduz province of northern Afghanistan. After a military academy, he entered Kabul university to study engineering. There, he participated to an Islamic student movement and was jailed for killing of a Maoist student. He fled then to Pakistan and founded his party, Hezb e Islami. After a collapse of the communist regime in 1992, he entered a conflict with Rabbani but there were reconciled after the capture of Kabul by Taliban in 1996. He is living now in Iran.
Hafizollah Amin
alternative words: Amin
keywords: communism , famous person , statesman
related topics: Babrak Karmal , Muhammad Taraki , Muhammad Daoud , Najibullah Ahmadzai , Saur revolution
related web sites: http://www.afghan-info.com/politbiogr.htm , http://www.afghan-web.com/bios/yest/amin.html
explanation: Born in 1929 in Kabul province. After having got a master degree at Columbia University in New York, he became the principal of a teacher? training school at Kabul. During Daoud reign, he recruited many followers in the army in competition with Parcham faction. After Saur revolt of 1978, he became foreign minister then prim minister by ousting Parcham faction led by Karmal. He then ousted the president Taraki by a palace plot. With a complicity of Russia, he was assassinated in 1979.
Hamid Karzai
alternative words: Karzai, Afghan president
keywords: famous person , statesman
related topics: Kandahar , Soviet invasion , Burhanuddin Rabbani , Pashtun , Loya Jirga
related web sites: http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/kar0bio-1 , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamid_Karzai
explanation: Born in 1957 to a powerful Pashtun tribe of Kandahar. During the soviet occupation, he worked as an anti soviet fund riser. After Soviets left Afghanistan, he served as deputy foreign minister for Burhanuddin Rabbani. When Taliban came to the power, he organized a resistance from Quetta in Pakistan. He was named as president of a transitional government by Bonn agreement of 2001, then confirmed by Loya Jiga of 2002. He is expected to become officially the president by a coming election of October 2004.
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