Online dictionary of history and traditions in Japan: artist

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Otomo no Yakamochi

大伴家持 家持
alternative words: Otomono Yakamochi, Ootomo no Yakamochi, Otomo Yakamochi, Yakamochi
keywords: artist , famous person , poesy , statesman , writer
related topics: Nara period , Manyoshu , Waka , Kokushi
related web sites: http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~sg2h-ymst/ , http://www2s.biglobe.ne.jp/~takata/hokuriku/manyouyukari/manyou.yakamochi.htm
explanation: Waka poet and statesman of Nara period, born as a son of the prestigious Otomo family around 618. During his stay as provincial governor (Kokushi) in different regions, he made many waka poems. In 682, due to a putsch of Hikami no Kawatsugi, he lost job but soon pardoned and became a minister (Chunagon). After his death in 785, he lost again his honor due to an assassination of Fujiwara no Tanetsugu. Yakamochi is well known as one of the major contributors of Manyo anthology.

Sen no Rikyu

千利休
alternative words: Senno Rikyu, Rikyu, Rikyuu
keywords: artist , famous person
related topics: Tea ceremony , Oda Nobunaga , Toyotomi Hideyoshi , Omotesenke , Urasenke
related web sites: http://www.for-you.co.jp/igaishi/igai-04.html , http://www.city.sakai.osaka.jp/arekore/person/person1.html
explanation: Born in 1522 in a wealthy merchant family of Sakai near Osaka. He first learned tea ceremony from Kitamuki Dochin then Takeno Joo. During this period, he innovated tea houses and tools with more sober style (wabi sabi). Between 1570 and 1573, he served as instructor of tea ceremony for Oda Nobunaga then Toyotomi Hideyoshi and became quickly the confident of Hideyoshi. After a disagreement on the politics with Hideyoshi, he was ordered to commit a suicide and died in 1591.

Sesshu Toyo

雪舟等楊 雪舟
alternative words: Toyo Sesshu, Sesshu Touyou, Touyou Sesshu, Sesshu
keywords: artist , famous person
related topics: Ink painting , Muromachi period
related web sites: http://www.harenet.ne.jp/soja/rekishi/sessyu.htm , http://www.shinko-grp.co.jp/sesshu.htm , http://www.pref.okayama.jp/seikatsu/kenbi/nihonnga.html
explanation: Born in 1420 in a samurai family of Okayama prefecture. He first went to Shokokuji temple at Kyoto, famous for its ink paint school, to become a monk. Then he went to Yamaguchi prefecture to continue painter's work. In 1467, with an aid of Lord Ouchi, he went to China to learn further the paint technique. After having seen many Chinese masters' works, he returned back 2 years later. Then, he alternated travel and sedentary life while creating many master pieces. He died in 1506.

Suzuki Harunobu

鈴木春信 春信
alternative words: Harunobu Suzuki, Harunobu
keywords: artist , famous person , ukiyoe
related topics: Ukiyoe , Hishikawa Moronobu , Edo period , Nishikie
explanation: Born in 1725 and died in 1770. Known as an ukiyoe artist of the middle Edo period, who has developed first multicolored ukiyoe technique (Nishikie). Thanks to this technique and also with an aid of his cultivated samurai entourage, he arrived to express a delicate sentiment of female characters. "Zashiki hakkei" is one of his master pieces. With Hishikawa Moronobu, he is considered one of the major founders of ukiyoe art.

Toshusai Sharaku

東洲斎写楽 写楽
alternative words: Sharaku Toshusai, Toushuusai Sharaku, Sharaku Toushuusai, Sharaku
keywords: artist , famous person , mystery , ukiyoe
related topics: Edo period , Ukiyoe , Katsushika Hokusai
related web sites: http://j-entertain.co.jp/Bellsystem/SharakuWorld/Edoinformation/WSharaku-j.html , http://www.lint.ne.jp/~meirokun/sharaku2.htm , http://www.fsinet.or.jp/~h-arita/sharaku.html
explanation: An obscure ukiyoe artist of the middle Edo period. The birth date and place unknown. Because he has left splendid ukiyoe works only during a short period around 1794-1795, it is suggested that Sharaku should be a pseudonym of another well known artist like Katsushika Hokusai or Maruyama Okyo. Being specialized in portrait of kabuki actors, his works show lively their face and gesture.

Unkei

運慶
alternative words: Unke
keywords: artist , buddhism , famous person
related topics: Kamakura period , Buddhism , Nyorai , Kongo rikishi
explanation: Buddhist sculptor of the early Kamakura period. His masculine and dynamic style appealed to the warriors of the Kamakura period who had just taken political powers from Kyoto's aristocrats. As his master pieces, we can quote "Dainichi Nyorai" statue at Enjoji Temple and "Kongo Rikishi" statue at Todaiji Temple, both being located at Nara city. His birth day unknown, died in 1223.

Yokoyama Taikan

横山大観 大観
alternative words: Taikan Yokoyama, Taikan
keywords: artist , famous person
related topics: Okakura Tenshin , Ink painting
related web sites: http://www.nona.dti.ne.jp/~u-life/yokoyamaindex.html , http://www.spmoa.shizuoka.shizuoka.jp/collection/item/J_85_388_J.html
explanation: Born in 1868 in Ibaraki prefecture. After having studied at Nihon bijutsu gakko created by Okakura Tenshin, he became an assistant professor but left it with Okakura Tenshi in 1898. He then organized Nihon bijutsuin with Tenshin and created a new style of Japanese paint. Initially criticized by traditional Japanese painters as "morotai" (dim style), he gradually won a recognition and was appointed a member of the Imperial Fine Arts Academy in 1935. Age advanced, he turned to Ink painting. He died in 1958.

Yosa Buson

与謝蕪村 谷口蕪村 蕪村
alternative words: Buson Yosa, Buson, Taniguchi Buson
keywords: artist , famous person , poesy , writer
related topics: Edo period , Haiku
related web sites: http://busons.hoops.livedoor.com , http://www.nime.ac.jp/~saga/busonj.html
explanation: Born in 1716 in Osaka. He went to Tokyo before age 20 to learn haiku from Hayano Hajin. After his death, he traveled Kanto and Tohoku region for 10 years. In 1751, he went back to Kyoto and began to work on Chinese style pictures (Bunjinga) by collaborating with Ikeno Taiga, another master of Bunjinga. In 1766, he returned back to haiku activity, proposing a revival of Basho style, then surpassed it with a modern freshness. He died in 1783. Buson Shichibushu is a compilation of his haiku poems.

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